Hydroquinone is the reference standard other pigmentation actives on this site get compared to — genuinely effective for melasma, but prescription-only in India with a real ochronosis risk worth understanding.
Tranexamic acid topical vaprat melasma la hydroquinone sarkhach treat karto — yogya concentration 2-10% aahe, pan oral TXA ek vegla medical decision aahe jo doctor shi consult karun ghyaycha aahe.
Tranexamic acid topical use mein melasma ko hydroquinone jaise hi treat karta hai — sahi concentration 2-10% hai, lekin oral TXA ek alag medical decision hai jo doctor se consult karke lena chahiye.
Cysteamine cream rivals hydroquinone for melasma in pooled trial data — but it’s a short-contact treatment with a distinctive smell and a few genuine caveats.
Tea tree oil fights acne-causing bacteria and calms inflammation \u2014 effective at 5% concentration, but must always be diluted to avoid burns.
Alpha arbutin fades dark spots through a gentler, controlled hydroquinone-release mechanism \u2014 effective at under 2%, complementary to niacinamide and vitamin C.
Squalane hydrates deeply without clogging pores \u2014 one of the gentlest facial oils available, suitable for every skin type including oily and acne-prone.
Panthenol (vitamin B5) hydrates and rebuilds the skin barrier from within \u2014 effective at 1-5% concentration, suitable for every skin type.
Tranexamic acid treats melasma comparably to hydroquinone \u2014 topical use at 2-10% is well-studied, but oral TXA is a separate medical decision requiring a doctor.
Kojic acid fades dark spots and melasma by inhibiting melanin production \u2014 effective at 1% or less, but needs careful use and daily sunscreen to avoid irritation.